Shalateen-Halayib area is a region located in the far south eastern Egypt on the African side of the Red Sea, with an area of 35,600 square kilometers, is located between latitudes 22 and 23.30 and longitude 34.5 and 37. This area is characterized by the enormous of plant diversity of its content mountains and valleys of the region and different environments of plant species in the region, where the numbers reach to 350 species. Many of these plants with medical importance, for example: Aerva javanica - Acacia etbaica - Acacia tortilis - Balanites aegyptiaca - Hyphaene thebaica - Moringa peregrine - Rhus tripartita - Solenostemma argel. So, there is an urgent need to document the medicinal and aromatic plants and traditional knowledge associated. One of the book objectives is to maximize the economic returns of wild medicinal plants in the region through the definition and identification of important species and aims to define, the environmental conditions of these plants for their conversation and cultivation while maintaining its economic value.