This brief, accessible treatise harnesses the neurophysiological processes of learning to create an innovative and powerful approach to therapy. It sets out a non-pathologizing alternative not only to the current medicalized conception of diagnosis and treatment but also to the labeling of relatively normal reactions to stressors and upsets as illnesses. Rooted in the neurobiology of human learning, the book’s approach to treatment, Neuro-Cognitive Learning Therapy, characterizes maladaptive behavior patterns as learned responses to upsetting conditions—processes which can be unlearned. In addition, the coverage includes a clinical teaching guide for bringing NCLT theory and methods into the training curriculum. • Proposes a non-stigmatizing learning model for therapy, Neuro-Cognitive Learning Therapy. • Introduces the concept of the connectome and explains its critical role in mental health and illness. • Differentiates between the unconscious and automaticity in cognition and behavior. • Addresses the applicability of NCLT to biologically-based mental disorders. • Offers case studies illustrating NCLT in contrast with commonly-used approaches. • Includes a chapter-by-chapter clinical teaching guide with therapeutic principles and discussion questions. • Provides a comprehensive therapeutic framework for practitioners of all orientations.