This volume is a collection of contributions from an international conference on the Post-PISA discussion and results from research projects housed at Zentrum für Schul- und Bildungsforschung at the university of Halle-Wittenberg (ZSB). The focus in the German, Swedish, English, and Dutch discussion was on the restrictions of central educational establishments for children and adolescents. Instead of limiting the educational processes of young people to school alone, this investigation emphasizes the interdependencies of school, family, and the peer cultures of children and youngsters, as well as the interplay of interaction and the production of inequalities between children and adolescents via selection procedures and processes of differentiation.