Current threats to peace illustrate the urgent need for further development of peace education processes in school and religious education. Therefore, it is of enormous importance to take on board the perspective of the primary school children. The study "Friedensbild und Friedensbildung" (Peace Image and Peace Education) takes on this goal by collecting children's ideas of peace and discord by means of a linking survey of children's drawings and interviews. In combination with theory-based approaches to the phenomenon of peace, new and multidimensional perspectives for a peace education of the future can be presented from the results in a subject-oriented way, which is characterized, among other things, by the perception of positive and negative peace in school and religious education.