Mark Rutherford was the pseudonym used by William Hale White (1831 - 1913). White was a clerk in the admiralty and a novelist. The Autobiography of Mark Rutherford (1881), Mark Rutherford's Deliverance (1885), and The Revolution in Tanner's Lane (1887 were three autobiographical novels. George Orwell described Mark Rutherford's Deliverance as "one of the best novels written in English". Rutherford talks about living in Victorian England and the struggle to find spiritual security in a world of doubt. In Deliverance Rutherford units with several friends who meet and form the beginnings of a theology.