Arthritis refers to a condition characterized by the inflammation of the joints. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are the two major forms of arthritis. Some other types of arthritis include psoriatic arthritis, gout, fibromyalgia and septic arthritis. Pain in the joints, stiffness, redness, swelling and decreased range of motion are the most common symptoms of arthritis. Multiple factors such as age, genetic history, muscle weakness and autoimmune disorders can lead to the development of arthritis. There are several diagnostic tests for this medical condition that include physical examination, blood tests, X-ray, MRI, and CT scans. The objective of treatment is to provide effective relief from symptoms and control further joint damage. Some common treatments are medications, physical therapy, nutrient rich diet, occupational therapy, regular exercise, and hot and cold compresses. The aim of this book is to present new insights into arthritis research. It is a vital tool for all researching or studying this medical condition.