Plant biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of various aspects of plants. It is classified into several branches within the three principal groups of core topics, applied topics and organismic topics. The core topics of biology such as cytology, phenology, plant anatomy, plant morphology, plant systematics, etc. address the varied aspects of processes, diversity and classification of plants. Agronomy, biotechnology, forestry and horticulture, among others are the various applied branches of botany that are concerned with the economic application of plants. The organismal domains of orchidology, lichenology, mycology, etc. are the disciplines that specialize in the study of specific plant groups. This book provides significant information of this discipline to help develop a good understanding of botany and related fields. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this discipline have been included in this book. Researchers and students in this field will be assisted by this book.