The research, Social factors and institutional practices in the process of Professional Orientation (PO) in the IPVCE Antonio Maceo Grajales of Santiago de Cuba, analyzes the institutional practices in the process of PO in said center and introduces in the sociological perspective the role of the factors of sociocultural nature, arguing the theoretical-methodological elements that explain the conditioning factors of the social factors in the investigated process.The objective of this research is to analyze the social factors that condition the practices developed by the family, the school and labor institutions regarding the OP process in the IPVCE Antonio Maceo of the municipality of Santiago de Cuba, from an interdisciplinary sociological perspective that contributes to its improvement.The hypothesis is defended: social factors of sociocultural nature, such as the cultural capital incorporated in social actors, the practices assumed by them and the institutional norms, condition the practices of the family, the school and labor institutions of the community, around the OP process in the IPVCE Antonio Maceo.