Wheat (Triticum) is an annual and perennial crop belonging to the family of cereal crops. About 20 species of this plant are mainly divided into hard and soft, autumn and spring wheat. This crop was cultivated in Near and Central Asia and Europe in the 6th-7th millennia BC in isolated areas and was gradually cultivated. Flour, pasta, starch, compound feed, etc. are obtained from wheat grains, while its blue mass, straw and other residues are used in animal husbandry. 236 million worldwide. China, India, the United States, and Russia are the world's largest producers of wheat.There are currently 1.85 billion people in the world. Different types of grain are grown per metric ton, of which 300 million tons are stored in reserve. 600 mln. t of wheat, 880 mln. t of "coarse" cereals (corn, oats, barley, oats, rye, etc.) and 300 mln. tons of rice. Of this, the world market will receive 250 million tons of grain. tons (including 125 million tons of wheat and 20 million tons of rice