This work probes into the socio-political and cultural setting in South Texas (1915-1992) via data found in the private archival collection of Adela Sloss-Vento; it focuses on her role as an activist, writer and civil/human rights pioneer. It is only through this archive that documentation becomes available of her participation in this unknown and unpublicized civil rights movement. It is a realistic portrayal of an exclusionist semi-colonial society that the reader discovers; a Jim Crow type of political and racial existence against all people of Mexican descent. It represents Sloss-Vento’s lifelong struggle for economic and social equality. Adela Sloss-Vento’s role as a Civil Rights pioneer antedates Dr. Anna Pauline Murray by eight years and Martin Luther King by twenty-eight years. She places her mark in history as a leader, not only for the first seminal Mexican-American Civil Rights Movement of Texas but the first woman and voice in an early, if not the earliest Civil Rights Movement in the United States.