Atmospheric aerosols are solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in the Earth’s atmosphere. They can be either natural or anthropogenic. Atmospheric aerosols like sulphuric acid droplets, desert dust, human-made sulphate aerosols, etc. have a negative impact on the climate, as well as human health. Aerosols have a significant presence in urban ecosystems in the form of dust, smoke, soot, fumes, etc. Detection of hazardous aerosols is achieved by in-situ measurements and remote-sensing techniques. This book discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches to the understanding of the properties, characterizations and climatic impacts of atmospheric aerosols. The various studies that are constantly contributing towards advancing technologies and evolution of the field are examined in detail. Scientists and students actively engaged in this area will find this book full of crucial and unexplored concepts.