By legislative decree, the planned community of Belleville began in 1814 as the new county seat on the site of George Blair's farm, in proximity to no major crossroads or rivers. This book chronicles Belleville's remarkable—if not phenomenal—rise to become the "Capitol of Southern Illinois," a feat celebrated to no small degree by proud residents on the occasion of Belleville's centennial celebration. Much of what contributed to Belleville's 19th-century rise to prominence in politics and its economic growth in agribusiness, mining, banking, manufacturing, and retail sectors are illustrated here. This collection of photographs shows some of the many reasons why modern-day Bellevillian's retain pride in the city's history and continue their efforts to preserve it.