Bioarcheology also known as osteoarcheology is the scientific study of human remains from archaeological sites. Human remains from archaeological sites are analyzed to determine sex, age, and health, to understand the demographic characteristics such as the risk of death or sex ratio of a given age unit within a population. The estimation of age in bioarchaeology actually refers to an approximation of skeletal or biological age-at-death. Through the study of human remains, the diverse aspects of the relationship between the physical body and socio-cultural conditions and practices can be studied. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of bioarcheology. It strives to provide a fair idea about this discipline and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances within this field. This book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.