Written in Jim Popham's characteristic witty style, the Fourth Edition of Classroom Assessment addresses the range of assessments that teachers are likely to use in their classrooms. The forces of accountability have changed educational assessment and this new edition now addresses the central issue of how classroom assessment can effectively benefit students when carried out in the context of accountability tests. New legislation such as the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) and issues such as state standards that directly impact classroom testing and teaching are discussed to present readers with a series of practical action options. In addition, the text continues to analyze more traditional topics such as validity and reliability and discusses the alternative assessments used in today's classrooms.