The prostate is an endocrine gland of the male reproductive system, which secretes the alkaline fluid component of semen. The cancer which develops in the prostate is known as prostate cancer. In the initial stage, it may not cause any symptom, but it can cause several complications in the later stage. Some of the common symptoms include problems associated with urination, like frequent urination, nocturia, hematuria and dysuria. It may also cause problems associated with sexual organs, such as painful ejaculation and difficulty in achieving erection. Ultrasound, digital rectal examination (DRE), cystoscopy, transrectal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are some of the common diagnostic methods useful in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Treatment methods include radiation therapy and radical prostatectomy. Prostate cancer research is an upcoming field of medical research that has undergone rapid development over the past few decades. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.