From 2011 onwards the knowledge of the authors cited in the text has improved, producing a more precise view of the long doxography on the causes of diseases, a more reliable text of the known fragments of Herophilus, Erasistratus and Asclepiades of Bithynia, and a new fragment of Herophilus. A second edition of the text with French translation (2016) does not differ much from the text of Manetti (2011), but presents a new hypothesis about the motivations of the autograph text. The discussion progressed with numerous articles on the three Hellenistic authors and on the relationship of the Anonymous to his ‘ancient’ sources (Aristotle, Plato); two new editions of the fragments of Menecrates of Syracuse and Philistion of Locri, widely quoted in the doxography, appeared, as well as articles on the author’s personality, on the methods of abbreviation, and on the graphic signs; new proposals for integration and reading have concerned both the main text on the
recto
and the passages added on the
verso
of the roll by the same hand. This second edition takes into account all the corrections to the edition of 2011 and the various suggestions that have been presented later.