The present thesis deals with the question how the Austrian discourse on identity shaped individual and collective memory in the postwar period. The analysis focusses on the Austrian literary and cultural journal Plan that was published by Otto Basil from 1945 to 1948. The thesis asks how attributions to Austrian identity as well as the assumption that Austria was a victim in the Second World War formed the discourse on identity in Austria. Furthermore, it shows how the discourse on identity became manifest in the political context and the consequences this had in the realm of literature and in the literary scene.