Fiber is made up of the indigestible parts or compounds of plants that remain unchanged when they pass through the stomach and intestines in the human digestive system. There are two types of fiber, namely, soluble fiber and insoluble fiber. Wholegrain cereals, fruits, and vegetables are considered as a good source of dietary fiber. It is crucial for keeping the gut healthy and reducing the risk of chronic health conditions. There are several benefits of a high-fiber diet. It normalizes the bowel movements by softening and increasing the weight and size of the stool. Soluble fibers present in beans, oats and flaxseeds can help reduce cholesterol levels. In diabetic patients, soluble fiber can slow the absorption of sugar and help in the regulation of blood sugar levels. Consumption of dietary fiber is beneficial in gastrointestinal disorders such as colorectal ulcer, hiatal hernias, gastroesophageal reflux disease, diverticular disease, and hemorrhoids. This book unravels the recent studies related to dietary fiber and its nutritional importance for human health. It will prove to be immensely beneficial to medical students and researchers engaged in this area of study.