Exercise is a physical activity that enhances physical fitness, and maintains overall health and wellness. It is essential for the prevention of aging, strengthening of muscles, honing athletic skills and maintenance of weight. Physical exercises are classified into the three types- aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise and flexibility exercise. Exercises are also targeted at increasing accuracy, agility, power and speed. The study of how sports and exercise promote health and performance of the human body is under the domain of sports and exercise science. It integrates areas of physiology, anatomy, psychology, biomechanics and biokinetics. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of exercise and sports science. Selected concepts that redefine this field have been presented in this book. A number of latest researches have been included to keep the readers up-to-date with the global concepts in this area of study.