This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of sustainable and smart agriculture, as presented by leading researchers at the XII Farm Machinery and Processes Management in Sustainable Agriculture (FMPMSA), held in Lublin, Poland, on June 12–14, 2024. The book covers highly diverse topics, including: management of field and livesk production machinery; management of biomass and agroenergy production; plant protection, soil management and agrochemicals application; smart farming and sustainability; ergonomic, labor organization; and sustainable agriculture in the European Union and other countries. The papers, which are published after a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.