Gerontology refers to the study of the biological, psychological, cognitive and sociocultural aspects of aging. An important sub-field of gerontology is biogerontology, which is concerned with the biological process of aging, its evolutionary origin and the possible potential interventions in the process. It investigates the causes, effects and mechanisms of aging. Geriatrics is a field of medicine, which is focused on the health care for the elderly. As an individual ages, there is a gradual decline in the physiological reserve in organs. This results in the development of diseases and complications. Instability, immobility, impaired intellect and memory, and incontinence are the major impairments that occur in the elderly. Many of these problems can be addressed with medications and adequate care. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements in the fields of gerontology and geriatrics. From theories to research, case studies related to all medical aspects of relevance to these fields have been included herein. It will prove to be immensely beneficial to students and researchers in this field.