That different types of financial services and products continue to spring up in the financial sector of many countries is indicative of the changing landscape of the financial services industry globally. Equally important, as indicators of the evolving trajectory of financial services regulation, are increases in the number of countries where universal banking is practiced and in numbers of parent and subsidiary companies providing different types of financial services and products. This book is written against that background. A central thesis pursued in the book is that until there is a longer track record of experience with unified regulators, it is difficult to come to firm conclusions about the restructuring process of regulators, and the optimal internal structure of such agencies. In addition, the book examines the concept of an independent regulator, showing how this concept, as a corollary to the concept of a unified regulator, could strengthen the regulatory and institutional framework for financial services supervision if accountability were to be part of such a framework.