Primary lung tumors are now a global health problem. The incidence has risen dramatically during the last 5—6 decades, reflecting the popularity of cigarette smoking. In this, the fifth volume dealing with lung cancer in the series KappaCANCER TREATMENT AND RESEARCHkappa, many current research topics are covered by notable authorities, including chemoprevention, growth factors, multidrug resistance, new agents, and haematopoietic growth factors. Altogether, the 17 chapters from twelve countries highlight some of the rapid developments taking place in basic and clinical research of lung cancer. These chapters not only give up-to-date information, they will also stimulate further research into this man-made disease which was almost unheard of a century ago.