The field of marine biology and ecology includes the study of marine animals and plants in relation to their ecosystems. It also focuses on the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on marine life populations. The field also studies changes in topological, ecological and atmospheric factors that affect the survival and reproduction of marine life. Our oceans are changing due to a complex combination of ocean eddies and atmospheric winds as well as human activities like fossil fuel burning, industrial waste disposal and fertilizer use. This has adversely affected the marine ecosystem which has major impacts in climate change, changes in coastlines and coastal environment, etc. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of marine ecology and biology. The various advancements in theoretical and applied marine science are also glanced at in this book. It will be vital for students and researchers looking for an elaborate reference text.