This edited book covers basics of thin membrane endothelial keratoplasty which essentially includes DMEK and PDEK. It covers various surgical techniques currently in use, including among others, the endoilluminator assisted technique, air pump assisted technique, host Descemetic scaffolding, etc. It also includes pre-operative work-up as well as post-operative graft management, combined surgeries, management of complicated situations, prevention and handling of complications, role of Descemet’s stripping, and RHO-assisted kinase (Rock) inhibitors. The book includes videos showing surgical techniques as practiced by leading international experts from advanced centers. Endothelial keratoplasty is a field of great interest to all corneal surgeons and is replacing penetrating keratoplastyas the procedure of choice in most indications of endothelial failure, unless associated with central scarring. Thin membrane endothelial keratoplasties are at an exciting and evolving stage as newer techniques of DMEK and PDEK have inherent advantages that make them supersede not only penetrating keratoplasty but also DSAEK. Hence, in today's scenario it is of great interest among corneal surgeons who wish to learn and master these techniques as well as be able to manage complicated situations and complications. This book is a must-read for the beginner as well as the established surgeons. It is also a must-have for educational institutions, hospital- based libraries and for post-graduate students, fellows and residents who want to expand their knowledge.