Mechanochemical treatment is one of the promising directions of the chemical and technological processes of obtaining a new substance as a result of the transformation of mechanical energy into the chemical-physical processes of system restructuring. The peculiarity of the state of solid matter because of intense mechanical action is determined not only by its destruction, i.e., dispersing and obtaining a powder material with a high and active surface, but also by the accumulation of defects in the entire volume of particles, which increases their reactivity. This book presents the results of many years of research on the mechanochemical synthesis of composites, consisting of inorganic and organic components, obtained by the scientific team at the Institute of Combustion Problems, Kazakhstan. It begins with the general ideas about the mechanochemical process and the phenomena and further discusses the main provisions of the structural rearrangement and modification of the surface of dispersible particles.