Originally published in 1993, analyses 20 century metropolitan development and planning under the economic and environmental conditions of the world’s regions. Attempts to achieve the physical integration of the city without economic equality have failed. The book advances the principle of ‘integrated diversity’ which emphasises linking neighbourhood planning with a broader vision of the planned metropolis and applies a political economy approach, and argues for a new form of pro-urban thinking. The book argues that the basis for a humane approach to city planning is viewing the metropolis as a beneficial accompaniment to national independence, equality and social progress.