This book is meant for researchers exploring dense wavelength division multiplexing, scientists, designers, development engineers, technicians, and academics interested in the future of telephone, data, video, and Internet communication. The references in the text may be helpful to readers who work in the telecom industry, such as component and systems designers. Scientists and engineers working in the fields of optics, spectroscopy, optronics, electro-optics, and micro/nano technology who are prepared to provide their knowledge to the resolution of some of the unresolved issues in telecommunications might also find this book to be helpful. But this book might enable them to use some of the enormous investments and technological advancements in optical telecommunication that have been made in other domains.