A facility for the production of electrical energy from thermal energy released by combustion of a fuel or consumption of a fissionable material is known as a Thermal Power Plant. Thermal power plants are significant process industries for engineering specialists. The power sector has been facing several crucial issues over the past few years. The primary challenge is to meet the increasing power demand in a sustainable and efficient manner. Practicing power plant engineers not only look after the maintenance and operations of the plant, but also look after a variety of activities like research and development, starting from power generation to the environmental facets of the power plants. This book discusses topics like evaluation of plant performance, combustion, energy efficiency, catalytic reduction of dissolved oxygen, environmental facets of combustion residues and renewable power generation. It also elucidates issues related to both coal fired and steam power plants. It will be helpful for undergraduate and research oriented students, and for engineers working in power plants.