The book presents different methodological approaches to music education as a possibility for teaching music in primary school classes. The theme starts with reflections on the importance of teaching music, especially in the current educational context in Brazil, following Law 11.769 of August 18, 2008, which makes it compulsory in schools. Other reflections on music teaching revolve around what to teach: what content should be covered in music lessons? There is also another question that seems to me to be of the utmost importance: who is going to teach music at school? Since there is a shortage of music educators to take on this role in Brazilian schools. I believe that, for a long time to come, music teaching will be the responsibility of teachers who don't have a formal musical education, in other words, those who haven't studied music at degree level. For this reason, I think it is pertinent to analyze some methodologies in music education in order to help the pedagogical practice of these teachers.