Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology. It encompasses everything from medical applications of nanomaterials and biological devices to nanoelectronic biosensors. It also comprises future applications of molecular nanotechnology, such as biological machines. Nanomedicine is being used in both diagnosis and treatment. Nanoparticles have the potential to assist visualization of blood pooling, ischemia, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, and focal regions of inflammation in cardiovascular imaging. Nanoparticles are particularly useful in medicine because of their small size. They circulate widely throughout the body and enter cells or can be designed to bind to specific cells. Nanotechnology based medical devices like neuro-electronic interfacing allow the computers to link with the nervous system. They build a molecular structure, which allows detection and control of nerve impulses through an external computer. Furthermore, nanomedicine is regarded as a successful technique in drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Most of the topics introduced in this book cover new studies on nanomedicine. It will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into this field.