Separatism is a highly topical and controversial legal and political issue. The conflicts in the Balkans of the 1990s have revived the unresolved issue of national minority self-determination in international law and also, in European politics, the issues of how to deal with sub-state nationalisms and group recognition, and how to enable the political inclusion of national minorities. This book reviews the impact of the discourse of national minority rights on the European inter-governmental approach to national minority accommodation after 1989, and proposes an alternative framework for national minority accommodation based upon multiple loyalties, critical citizenship, and discursive justice.