This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third Mediterranean Conference on Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, MedPRAI 2019, held in Istanbul, Turkey, in December 2019. The 18 revised full papers and one short paper presented were carefully selected from 54 submissions. The papers are covering the topics of recent advancements in different areas of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence, such as statistical, structural and syntactic pattern recognition, machine learning, data mining, neural networks, computer vision, multimedia systems, information retrieval, etc.