In recent years, mobile communication has been evolving rapidly, and demand for fast, secure and higher quality mobile services has increased dramatically. Thus, mobile communication service providers have been trying many different digital mobile communication standards to fulfill their customers' demands. During the last few years, major service providers have committed to a single standard known as Long Term Evolution (LTE), and within a very short period LTE has emerged as the fourth generation network choice for almost all mobile service providers. 3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution), which is one of the latest standards for mobile communications, was proposed by a cooperation between groups of telecommunications consortium named as 3rd Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) mobile phone standard to meet the demands and ensure the coping with future technology evolutions. This technology describes a mobile communication standard which supports up to 300 Mbps of data transmission in downlink using the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing scheme as well as up to 75 Mbps throughput for uplink using the SC-FDMA modulation. In this dissertation, an in-depth study of LTE performance evaluation is conducted for downlink transmission under different scenarios. The focus of this book is a comprehensive analysis of LTE physical layer performance for different channel bandwidths, antenna diversities, modulation schemes and other scenarios. In addition, this study presents Bit Error Rate (BER), Block Error Rate (BLER) and throughput results based on different parameters. Overall, this book provides a comprehensive investigation of the LTE performance analysis based on detailed physical layer parameters to fill in the gap in the existing literature in LTE physical layer performance study.