This study explains Philippians (the apostle Paul's letter) by thinking about the lives of the Philippians (the people who received the letter). It is unique in using archaeology and literary evidence to build a detailed picture of the types of people likely to have been in Philippi and in the Christian community there. This comprehensive new explanation of Philippians as a letter written to call the Christians to unity under economic suffering, explains the letter (especially 2.6-11) in the specifically Roman setting of Philippi that includes a comparison of Christ with the Roman Emperor.