Sleep medicine is a field of medicine that deals with sleep disorders, their diagnosis and management. Sleep medicine requires a specialist to treat a diverse plethora of disorders, such as Kleine-Levin syndrome, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, circadian rhythm disturbances, etc. Sleep disorders are divided into three main groups, primary sleep disorders, those associated with substance abuse or a medical condition and those that are secondary to mental disorders. A thorough medical history check, previous medication review, evaluation of the patient’s Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), polysomnography, a multiple sleep latency test, etc. are used for diagnosing sleep disorders. Practitioners of sleep medicine seek to address both the underlying cause of the disorder and the sleep problem itself. Various methodologies such as cognitive behavioral therapy, patient education about sleep hygiene, etc. are used for the management of sleep disorders. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of sleep medicine. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of sleep medicine and the recent researches in this field. For all those who are interested in this field, this book can prove to be an essential guide.