The aim of this book is to analyze, from a historical perspective, the evolution of the socio-administrative structures of the city of Pointe-Noire during the colonial period (1921-1958). It also makes a specific contribution to a re-reading of the city's founding date. The main question is: what historical factors influence the socio-administrative evolution of the city of Pointe-Noire during the colonial period from 1921 to 1958? The overall conclusion of this study is that this evolution took place in three stages: Pointe-Noire was first a district from 1921 to 1936. It then became a mixed commune on December 28, 1936. Finally, under the law of November 18, 1955, concerning municipal reorganization in the French overseas territories, Pointe-Noire became a fully-fledged commune.