George Macartney (1737–1806) had a long and distinguished political and diplomatic career. He held the post of Secretary for Ireland, was successively governor of Grenada, Madras and the Cape Colony, and served as trade envoy to Russia and China. The son of an Irish landowner, Macartney rose in his profession through diligent diplomacy, perseverance, ambition and integrity; he gradually advanced in both the British and Irish peerage. This two-volume biography by Sir John Barrow, who had accompanied Macartney to China and the Cape, was first published in 1807, and draws heavily on official documents from Macartney's periods in office. Volume 2 contains substantial extracts from Macartney's writings on Russia and China, giving frank and wide-ranging accounts of the countries, their customs and their governments that provide valuable primary source material for historians of the eighteenth century. It also contains Macartney's sketch of the political history of Ireland.