Between 1979 and 1986 Iran, Nicaragua, and the Philippines underwent dramatic political and social revolutions. This book examines the conditions and processes that gave rise to revolutions and their outcomes, through an in-depth analysis of economic and political developments in these countries. The author also analyzes the impact of the collective actions and ideologies of the major social groups involved—students, clergy, workers, and capitalists. His book provides a valuable new framework within which to understand the causes of revolutions, their mechanics and development, and their outcomes.