Biotechnology is a field of biology that makes use of living systems and organisms to develop products. It is a broad field that includes principles from the fields of genomics, immunology and recombinant genetics. It is also used in the development of pharmaceutical therapies and diagnostic tests. Some of the major branches of biotechnology are bioinformatics, green biotechnology, violet biotechnology and yellow biotechology. Green biotechnology refers to the application of the principles of biotechnology to agricultural processes. The issues of philosophy, law and ethics related to biotechnology are dealt with under the sub-domain of violet biotechnology. The utilization of biotechnology for the purpose of food production is referred to as yellow biotechnology. Major sectors in which biotechnology is applied are health care, food production and agriculture. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of biotechnology. Most of the topics introduced in this book cover new techniques and the applications of this field. It will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers.