This monograph is based on the Ph.D. Thesis of the author [58]. Its goal is twofold: First, it presents most researchwork that has been done during his Ph.D., or at least the part of the work that is related with the joint spectral radius. This work was concerned with theoretical developments (part I) as well as the study of some applications (part II). As a second goal, it was the author’s feeling that a survey on the state of the art on the joint spectral radius was really missing in the literature, so that the first two chapters of part I present such a survey. The other chapters mainly report personal research, except Chapter 5 which presents an important application of the joint spectral radius: the continuity of wavelet functions. The first part of this monograph is dedicated to theoretical results. The first two chapters present the above mentioned survey on the joint spectral radius. Its minimum-growth counterpart, the joint spectral subradius, is also considered. The next two chapters point out two specific theoretical topics, that are important in practical applications: the particular case of nonne- tive matrices, and the Finiteness Property. The second part considers applications involving the joint spectral radius.