Where should China go next? Since the dawn of the modern era, a new way forward has been sought from all corners in the push for national rejuvenation. This journey has covered the reform and constitutionalism of the late Qing Dynasty, the Republican Party’s efforts in the Revolution of 1911, and the May Fourth Movement. After a series of radical changes, sacrifices, and explorations, the Communist Party was finally established, and learning from the difficult lessons of the past, the Gutian Conference set a new direction. After this conference, the Chinese revolution embarked on a new voyage, moving to increase its power with the force of a single spark. This book breaks away from the traditional, generic framework of writing history, using the search for a new pathway in China’s rejuvenation as an entry point to consider China in the 20th century from an international perspective, including decisions of the CPC at critical junctures along the way, as it started on a thrilling journey in search of a new pathway.