The Roman settlement at Scole was located at the point where the main road from Camulodunum to Venta Icenorum crossed the River Waveney. As well as describing settlement morphology and development over an extensive area, this report includes a number of specialist studies of exceptional importance — notably those dealing with a large body of waterlogged Roman structural timber, with the character and context of metalworking within the settlement, and with the environmental sequence recorded in a palaeochannel of the river. Other highlights include an account of a possible maltings complex, and a critical study of the formation of a variety of ‘dark earth’ deposits which draws upon the evidence both of artefact distributions and of soil chemistry.