This book presents a systematic elaboration on Chinese literature and its criticism, with special reference to introducing the predominant role of idea-image. The author holds that image takes on a central position in Chinese literature. Chinese literature is composed of idea-images that depict the scenery and express the emotions in perfect harmony, conveyed through literary language, reflecting the unique aesthetic sensibilities and the creative consciousness of Chinese people. It is created by Chinese literati with an emotion-centered soul, who experience nature and society with a mode of comprehension rooted in sensibility, yet not confined to it. Drawing from the traditional Chinese culture and incorporating the creative expression of Chinese literati, the author expounds systematically on Chinese literature’s basic features and living spirit which are centered on the idea-image. Furthermore, the author discusses the transitional patterns observed in both highbrow and vernacular Chinese literature. Embracing a modern research perspective, the author not only provides insights into traditional literature but also sheds light on its contemporary relevance. This endeavor unveils the unique values inherent in Chinese literature at a profound level, thereby offering invaluable insights into the essence and spirit of Chinese literary tradition.