General Aspects.- Nanocrystals and Nanoparticles Versus Molecular Fluorescent Labels as Reporters for Bioanalysis and the Life Sciences: A Critical Comparison.- Optimization of the Coupling of Target Recognition and Signal Generation.- Collective Effects Influencing Fluorescence Emission.- Encapsulated Dyes and Supramolecular Constructions.- Fluorescent J-Aggregates and Their Biological Applications.- Conjugates, Complexes, and Interlocked Systems Based on Squaraines and Cyanines.- Dye Doped Nanoparticles and Dendrimers.- Dye-Doped Polymeric Particles for Sensing and Imaging.- Silica-Based Nanoparticles: Design and Properties.- Luminescent Dendrimers as Ligands and Sensors of Metal Ions.- Prospects for Organic Dye Nanoparticles.- Luminescent Metal Nanoclusters.- Few-Atom Silver Clusters as Fluorescent Reporters.- Luminescent Quantum Clusters of Gold as Bio-Labels.- Conjugated Polymers.- Structure, Emissive Properties, and Reporting Abilities of Conjugated Polymers.- Optical Reporting by Conjugated Polymers via Conformational Changes.- Fluorescence Reporting Based on FRET Between Conjugated Polyelectrolyte and Organic Dye for Biosensor Applications.