This United States Air Force USAF manual, Air Force Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures AFTTP 3-32.17 Rapid Airfield Crater and Spall Repair October 2023, addresses necessary actions required to repair damage to an airfield after an attack that will establish a Minimum Airfield Operating Surface (MAOS) and will enable execution of the Air Component Commander's Air Tasking Order (ATO). This publication applies to the Regular Air Force, the Air Force Reserve, and the Air National Guard. This publication does not apply to the United States Space Force.