provides an updated, complete, and comprehensive account of this advanced subject for graduate and upper-division undergraduate students. This new edition introduces two new chapters – Animals Biomechatronics and Plants Biomechatronics – highlighting the importance of the rapidly growing world population and associated challenges with food production. The chapters are co-authored by top experts led by Professor Marko B. Popovic, researcher and educator at the forefront of advancements in this fascinating field. Beginning with an updated introduction to biomechatronics and its historical background, the updates chapters delve into the most groundbreaking recent developments in a wide variety of subjects, such as artificial organs and tissues, prosthetic limbs, neural interfaces, orthotic systems, wearable systems for physical augmentation, physical therapy and rehabilitation, robotic surgery, natural and synthetic actuators, sensors, and control systems.