Bone diseases refer to a group of diseases or injuries that affect human bones, which lead to abnormalities of the human skeletal system. Abnormal stress on bone, metabolic bone diseases, deficient blood supply to bone, bone tumor, infectious diseases of bone and fractures are a few major types of bone diseases. Lack of physical activity has a profound impact on the bone tissue because of lower level of mechanical stimulus that aids in bone formation. Metabolic bone diseases are a result of inadequate supply of amino acids for the production of collagen, calcium and phosphate. There are several therapeutic and corrective measures to treat bone diseases. One such measure is anthroplasty that helps in restoration of normal joint motion in rheumatoid arthritis of the elbow or hip. Bone transplantation targets stimulation of bone formation that provides structural support until a defect gets bridged by new bone. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights on the translational research and its clinical applications in the treatment of bone diseases. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language, and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge.