China’s late Chairman Mao Zedong once said “Women hold up half the world”, but in several respects the full emancipation of women still remains a global challenge. This book, based on extensive empirical studies on Chinese female leaders in different fields, develops a “female professional status attainment theory”. It summarizes the conditions for Chinese women to become leaders in various professions as the following: increased human, economic and social capital; gender equality awareness; gender-friendly environment; and improved work-life-balance. The book also proposes supporting policies for the development of high-level female talents female leaders in three different sectors: women in politics, in professional fields, and in enterprise management. With the comprehensive perspectives of female leaders’ development that addresses women’s unique needs in organizations, this book is a good choice for researchers and readers who are interested in China’s top-level talent development, gender equality and women’s professional attainment.