One of the biggest problems now hampering China's further development is the discrepancy between rural and urban areas. The Chinese government tries to solve the problem using the urbanization strategy for rural areas. To facilitate this process, a solid, creditable and sustainable financial system is required. This book describes the answer of the Chinese government to this question and analyses the reform and the newest development of Chinese rural financial market. Special focus is given to the reform of Rural Credit Cooperatives, which are the dominant financial institutions in Chinese rural financial market. The Chinese banking supervisory indicators are used to evaluate the reform results achieved until now.